General information
Open top or hatchless (container) ships are ships without hatch covers. This will decrease the loading and unloading times and increase the flexibility of the ship. Because heavy rain and shipping water implies large quantities of water inside the cargo holds, additional requirements are specified. The interim IMO guidelines, which were published in 1994, specify amongst others the allowable amount of water in the holds and the minimum pump capacity. These guidelines also specify seakeeping model tests in order to quantify the amount of water entering the cargo holds in severe weather conditions.
Open top or hatchless (container) ships are ships without hatch covers. This will decrease the loading and unloading times and increase the flexibility of the ship. Because heavy rain and shipping water implies large quantities of water inside the cargo holds, additional requirements are specified. The interim IMO guidelines, which were published in 1994, specify amongst others the allowable amount of water in the holds and the minimum pump capacity. These guidelines also specify seakeeping model tests in order to quantify the amount of water entering the cargo holds in severe weather conditions.
Services & Activities
The objective of the seakeeping test program is to determine whether the vessel complies with the MSC/Circular 608 Guidelines for open top container vessels. The IMO guidelines state that the maximum water ingress should not exceed the hatch opening area multiplied by 400 mm/hour. The IMO guidelines prescribe the model tests to be performed. The following conditions should be tested:
The objective of the seakeeping test program is to determine whether the vessel complies with the MSC/Circular 608 Guidelines for open top container vessels. The IMO guidelines state that the maximum water ingress should not exceed the hatch opening area multiplied by 400 mm/hour. The IMO guidelines prescribe the model tests to be performed. The following conditions should be tested:
- Following seas at minimum manoeuvring speed
- Stern quartering seas at minimum manoeuvring speed
- Beam seas in free drifting condition
- Bow quartering seas at maximum sustained speed
- Head seas at maximum sustained speed
The tests must all be done for a significant wave height of 8.5 m at the most unfavourable realistic wave period. To select the most unfavourable wave period and to determine the maximum sustained speed, preliminary calculations will be performed prior to the model tests. The tests must be performed at the maximum loaded draught.
Facilities & Tools
Open top seakeeping tests are tested in the following MARIN facilities:
Open top seakeeping tests are tested in the following MARIN facilities:
- Seakeeping & Manoeuvring Basin: seakeeping and manoeuvring tests
Prior to the compulsory seakeeping tests the most unfavourable wave period and maximum sustained speed for each heading is calculated with the following tools:
Experience
The list below gives a review of open top model tests carried out at MARIN:
The list below gives a review of open top model tests carried out at MARIN:
- 127 m Open Top, Rolldock (2006)
- Open top 1700 TEU Ice class 1A , De Hoop Lobith (2005)
- 134 m Open Top vessel, Damen Hoogezand (2001)
- 150 m Open Top, Howaldtswerke-Deutsche werft (1996)
- 250 m Open Top container vessel, Nedlloyd (1990)
Most recent Open top papers presented by MARIN:
(complete overview of papers can be found under Publications)
(complete overview of papers can be found under Publications)
Manoeuvring and Seakeeping Tests for 5415M
Toxopeus, S.L., Walree, F. van, and Hallmann, R., NATO AVT-189 Specialists Meeting on "Assessment of Stability and Control Prediction Methods for NATO Air and Sea Vehicles", Portsdown-West, UK, 2011
Viscous-Flow Calculations For KVLCC2 In Manoeuvring Motion In Deep And Shallow Water
Toxopeus, S.L., Simonsen, C.D., Guilmineau, E., Visonneau, M. and Stern, F., NATO AVT-189 Specialists Meeting on "Assessment of Stability and Control Prediction Methods for NATO Air and Sea Vehicles", Portsdown-West, UK, 2011
An Exploratory Study on the Working Principles of Energy Saving Devices (ESDs)
Dang, Chen, Dong, van der Ploeg, Hallmann, Mauro, Greenship 2011, Wuxi, China, 2011
On The Application Of Wall Functions In Ship Viscous Flows
Eça, L. and Hoekstra, M., IV International Conference on Computational Methods in Marine Engineering (ECCOMAS MARINE), Lisbon, Portugal, 2011
Prediction Of The Transom Flow Regime With Viscous Free Surface Computations
Ploeg, A. van der and Starke, A.R., IV International Conference on Computational Methods in Marine Engineering (ECCOMAS MARINE), Lisbon, Portugal, 2011
Toxopeus, S.L., Walree, F. van, and Hallmann, R., NATO AVT-189 Specialists Meeting on "Assessment of Stability and Control Prediction Methods for NATO Air and Sea Vehicles", Portsdown-West, UK, 2011
Viscous-Flow Calculations For KVLCC2 In Manoeuvring Motion In Deep And Shallow Water
Toxopeus, S.L., Simonsen, C.D., Guilmineau, E., Visonneau, M. and Stern, F., NATO AVT-189 Specialists Meeting on "Assessment of Stability and Control Prediction Methods for NATO Air and Sea Vehicles", Portsdown-West, UK, 2011
An Exploratory Study on the Working Principles of Energy Saving Devices (ESDs)
Dang, Chen, Dong, van der Ploeg, Hallmann, Mauro, Greenship 2011, Wuxi, China, 2011
On The Application Of Wall Functions In Ship Viscous Flows
Eça, L. and Hoekstra, M., IV International Conference on Computational Methods in Marine Engineering (ECCOMAS MARINE), Lisbon, Portugal, 2011
Prediction Of The Transom Flow Regime With Viscous Free Surface Computations
Ploeg, A. van der and Starke, A.R., IV International Conference on Computational Methods in Marine Engineering (ECCOMAS MARINE), Lisbon, Portugal, 2011
Most recent Open top articles written for MARIN Report:
(complete overview of articles can be found under Publications)
(complete overview of articles can be found under Publications)
Contents and Editorial
MARIN Report, 2011
News
MARIN Report, 2011
MARIN set to open its new Depressurised Wave Basin
MARIN Report, 2011
Determining wind loads with CFD
Arjen Koop, MARIN Report, 2011
CFD facilitates better understanding of scale effects
Auke van der Ploeg & Douwe Rijpkema, MARIN Report, 2011
MARIN Report, 2011
News
MARIN Report, 2011
MARIN set to open its new Depressurised Wave Basin
MARIN Report, 2011
Determining wind loads with CFD
Arjen Koop, MARIN Report, 2011
CFD facilitates better understanding of scale effects
Auke van der Ploeg & Douwe Rijpkema, MARIN Report, 2011
Contact
For more information on how MARIN can help your organisation with open top vessels, please contact the Merchant vessel team at MerchantVessel@marin.nl
For more information on how MARIN can help your organisation with open top vessels, please contact the Merchant vessel team at MerchantVessel@marin.nl